Introduction & Theoretical Background
Social anxiety disorder is characterized by persistent fear or anxiety concerning social or performance situations that is out of proportion to the actual threat posed by the situation or context. Social anxiety is experienced by between 2 and 7 people out of every 100 (Stein, 2016; Kessler et al, 2005) but like many anxiety disorders, it is under-diagnosed and often goes unrecognized (Kasper, 2006).
DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder include:
- Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. Examples include social interactions (e.g., having a conversation, meeting unfamiliar people), being observed (e.g., eating or drinking), and performing in front of others (e.g., giving a speech).
- Relevant social situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety.
- The fear or anxiety is out of proportion to the actual threat posed by the social situation and to the sociocultural context.
- Relevant social situations are